Sonchus oleraceus L.

Algeria: Sonchus oleraceus sprouts and flowers throughout the year.

Brazil: In the southern part of Brazil, Sonchus oleraceus is an annual species with a complete cycle of 100 to 120 days. In the central states and the state of Sao Paulo, it grows preferentially from September to March.
China: Sonchus oleraceus flowers and fruits from May to December.
France - Camargue: Sonchus oleraceus flowers from May to October.
Morocco: Sonchus oleraceus flowers from March to June, in autumn and after the rains in the Sahara.
Nicaragua: Sonchus oleraceus flowers and fruits all year round.

Sonchus oleraceus is an annual  plant or biennial when it germinates in autumn.

Sonchus oleraceus differs from Sonchus asper and Sonchus maritimus in that its auricles end in a point and its leaves do not have prickly teeth.
 

Sonchus oleraceus is a C3 plant.

Central Africa: Sonchus oleraceus is an introduced and naturalised species; present in cultivated land, ruderal sites, fallow land, rare above 2000 m, but observed exceptionally up to 2400 m.
Algeria: Sonchus oleraceus is a common species in weeded and perennial crops throughout the country as well as in nurseries and ruderal habitats (wadi banks, roadsides and byways, wastelands), which is confirmed by the profusion of vernacular names. Adaptable to all types of soil provided they are rich enough in nitrogen.
Brazil: Sonchus oleraceus prefers worked, moist soil.
China: Sonchus oleraceus grows on mountain slopes, forests, forest edges, fields, near water, open areas, ruderal zones; from 170 to 3200 m altitude.
Comoros: Absent.
Madagascar: Sonchus oleraceus is a species found in the cultures of the High lands and cultures terraced lower slopes of the eastern slope (wet enough) and tanety baiboho.
Mauritius: Common throughout the island in fallow, in clearing areas in wastelands.
Morocco: Sonchus oleraceus is a very common and ecologically very plastic species. In arid regions, where rainfall is very low, it is stunted and its vegetation period is short. Its normal habitat is gardens, cultivated fields and, above all, humid and sub-humid regions. In the middle of the Sahara, it can only be found in the irrigated fields of oases. This species has no edaphic requirements; it can be found on all types of soil. It also climbs to very high altitudes (0 - 1800 m)
New Caledonia: Species  growing in disturbed areas, gardens and roadsides. It develops mainly on moderately humid soils.
Reunion: This is a ruderal species, also present in cultivated circles who loves humid climates or altitude.
Seychelles: Absent.
South Africa: Sonchus oleraceus grows in the dry grasslands and shrublands of the Karoo. It is a weed of crops, roadsides and wasteland.
West Indies: Sonchus oleraceus is a ruderal and a weed species.

Food: The young, light green, tender leaves of Sonchus oleraceus make a good, mild-tasting country salad. The developed leaves (containing 15% protein in relation to its dry weight!) are rarely bitter and can be eaten cooked as a vegetable.

Medicinal: A decoction of Sonchus oleraceus leaves is used in Rwanda as an enema to treat worms and upsets in women.

Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Sonchus%2520oleraceus